Amaphaneli elangaZiya ngokuya zithandwa njengomthombo wamandla ozinzile futhi ovuselelekayo, ziguqula indlela esisebenzisa ngayo ugesi. Zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokunciphisa ukuthembela kumafutha emvelo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kuye kwavela izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaphaneli elanga, ngalinye linezakhiwo zalo ezihlukile kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Kule bhulogi, sizohlola izigaba ezine eziyinhloko zamaphaneli elanga: i-monocrystalline, i-polycrystalline, i-BIPV kanye ne-flexible, sichaza umehluko nezinzuzo zawo.
1. Iphaneli ye-monochrome:
Amaphaneli e-monocrystalline, amafushane amaphaneli e-silicon e-monocrystalline, abhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo zamaphaneli elanga asebenza kahle futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi emakethe. Akhiwe ngekristalu elilodwa le-silicon elisezingeni eliphezulu, okusho amazinga aphezulu okuguqulwa. Amaphaneli e-monocrystalline avame ukuba nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu (cishe ama-20%) uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi angakhiqiza ugesi omningi endaweni elinganiselwe. Ayaziwa nangokusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu ezimweni zokukhanya okuphansi, okwenza afaneleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinokukhanya kwelanga okungaguquki.
2. Ibhodi le-Polyboard:
Amaphaneli e-Polycrystalline, noma amaphaneli e-polycrystalline, angenye indlela ethandwayo kubanikazi bezindlu namabhizinisi. Ngokungafani namaphaneli e-monocrystalline, akhiwe ngamakristalu amaningi e-silicon, okwenza abonakale eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngendlela ehlukile. Nakuba amaphaneli e-polycrystalline engasebenzi kahle kancane kunamaphaneli e-monocrystalline (cishe angu-15-17%), ashibhile kakhulu ukuwakhiqiza, okwenza abe inketho ekhangayo kulabo abanesabelomali esincane. Amashidi e-polyethylene nawo asebenza kahle ezindaweni ezishisayo ngoba awathinteki kakhulu ukushisa.
3. Iphaneli ye-BIPV:
Amaphaneli e-photovoltaic (BIPV) ahlanganiswe nesakhiwo abona ukukhula okukhulu ngenxa yomklamo wawo omusha kanye nokuguquguquka kwawo. Lawa maphaneli awasetshenziswa nje kuphela ukukhiqiza ugesi, kodwa futhi ahlanganiswe nesakhiwo sesakhiwo. Amaphaneli e-BIPV angahlanganiswa kalula namafasitela, ophahleni noma emaceleni njengezinto zokwakha nezonga amandla. Ahlanganisa ukubukeka kobuhle nomsebenzi, okwenza abe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwabakhi bezakhiwo, abakhi kanye nabaklami abafuna ukuthuthukisa isimo esiqhubekayo sezakhiwo zabo.
4. Iphaneli eguquguqukayo:
Amaphaneli aguquguqukayo, aziwa nangokuthi amaphaneli e-membrane, athola ukuthandwa ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo ezihlukile kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa nezindawo ezingajwayelekile. Ngokungafani namaphaneli aqinile e-monocrystalline kanye ne-polycrystalline, amaphaneli aguquguqukayo enziwe ngezinto ezilula neziguquguqukayo njenge-silicon e-amorphous kanye ne-cadmium telluride. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuwavumela ukuthi afakwe ezindaweni ezigobile, kumadivayisi aphathekayo, noma ahlanganiswe nezindwangu. Naphezu kokusebenza kwayo okuphansi (cishe u-10-12%), ukuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokuguquguquka kwayo kwenza kube ukukhetha okusebenzayo kwezicelo zobungcweti kanye nezixazululo zelanga eziphathekayo.
Ngokufigqiwe:
Amaphaneli elanga asehambe ibanga elide selokhu asungulwa, ashintsha ukuze ahlangabezane nazo zonke izidingo kanye nezintandokazi. Iphaneli elilodwa linikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza okuthembekile, kuyilapho amaphaneli amaningi enikeza enye indlela engabizi kakhulu. Amaphaneli e-BIPV ahlanganiswe ngokungenamthungo emiklamo yezakhiwo, eguqula izakhiwo zibe amajeneretha kagesi. Okokugcina, amaphaneli aguquguqukayo aphula imingcele yokufakwa kwamaphaneli elanga endabuko, evumelana nezindawo ezigobile namadivayisi aphathekayo. Ekugcineni, ukukhetha kwalezi zinhlobo zamaphaneli elanga kuncike ezintweni ezifana nesabelomali, isikhala esitholakalayo, izidingo zobuhle, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuthile. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe, amaphaneli elanga azoqhubeka nokuthuthuka, okusiholela ekusaseni eliluhlaza nelihlala isikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-28-2023