Njengoba umhlaba uya ngokuya uphendukela kumandla avuselelekayo, amaphaneli elanga asephenduke ubuchwepheshe obuhamba phambili ekufuneni amandla aqhubekayo. Ngenxa yentuthuko kwezesayensi yezinto zokwakha nobunjiniyela, ikusasa lamaphaneli elanga libukeka liqhakazile, ikakhulukazi ngokweminyaka yokuphila nokusebenza kahle kwawo. Lesi sihloko sihlola izinto ezintsha ezizayo ezingachaza kabusha indlela esisebenzisa ngayo amandla elanga.
Ukuphila kwephaneli yelanga
Ngokwesiko,amaphaneli elangababe nesikhathi sokuphila cishe iminyaka engama-25 kuya kwengama-30, emva kwalokho ukusebenza kahle kwabo kuqala ukwehla kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe belanga icindezela imingcele yalesi sikhathi sokuphila. Abakhiqizi okwamanje bazama izinto ezintsha, njengamaseli elanga e-perovskite, abonise ukuqina okuphawulekayo nokuzinza. Lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo zithembisa ukwelula isikhathi sokuphila samaphaneli elanga ngaphezu kwezindinganiso zamanje, okuwenza abe ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhangayo kubanikazi bezindlu namabhizinisi ngokufanayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthuka kwezembozo ezivikelayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokufaka i-encapsulation kuthuthukise amandla amaphaneli elanga ukuze amelane nezinto zemvelo ezifana nemisebe ye-UV, umswakama, nokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa. Lezi zindlela ezintsha azigcini nje ngokunweba ukuphila kwamaphaneli elanga kodwa futhi zinciphisa izindleko zokunakekela, okwenza amandla elanga abe inketho esebenzisekayo kuhlu olubanzi lwabasebenzisi.
Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe
Ukusebenza kahle kungenye into ebalulekile esikhathini esizayo samapaneli elanga. Ukusebenza kahle kwephaneli yelanga kubhekisela kumaphesenti okukhanya kwelanga aguqulwa abe ugesi osebenzisekayo. Amaphaneli elanga endabuko asekelwe ku-silicon ngokuvamile asebenza kahle cishe ku-15-20%. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko kuvula indlela yentuthuko ebalulekile.
Enye yentuthuko ejabulisa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphaneli elanga ahlukene kabili, athwebula ukukhanya kwelanga nhlangothi zombili. Lo mklamo ungakhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kufika ku-30% uma kuqhathaniswa namaphaneli avamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokulandela umkhondo ezilandela indlela yelanga kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, okuvumela amaphaneli elanga ukuba athwebule ukukhanya kwelanga okwengeziwe usuku lonke.
Enye indlela ethembisayo ukukhuphuka kwamaseli elanga e-tandem, ahlanganisa izinto ezahlukahlukene ukuze athwebule ukukhanya kwelanga okubanzi. Lawa maseli kulindeleke ukuthi afinyelele ukusebenza kahle okudlula u-30%, okuwukugxumela phambili okubalulekile kunobuchwepheshe obukhona. Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka, singalindela ukubona amaphaneli elanga asebenza kahle kakhulu engena emakethe, okwenza amandla elanga aqhudelane kakhulu namafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi.
Iqhaza lobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe obukhaliphile
Ikusasa lamaphaneli elanga alikona nje izinto zokwakha kanye nomklamo; kuphinde kubandakanye nokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obukhaliphile. I-Artificial intelligence (AI) idlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono amasistimu elanga. Ama-algorithms e-AI ahlaziya amaphethini wesimo sezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, nokusebenza kwephaneli yelanga ukuze kukhuliswe ukuphuma kwamandla nokusebenza kahle. Le ndlela eqhutshwa idatha yenza ukunakekelwa okubikezelwe, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amaphaneli elanga agcina ukusebenza kahle isikhathi eside.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezixazululo zokugcina amandla, njengamabhethri athuthukisiwe, kubalulekile esikhathini esizayo samandla elanga. Amasistimu okugcina amandla asebenzayo angagcina amandla engeziwe akhiqizwa ngezinsuku ezinelanga futhi asebenzise lapho ilanga lingakhanyi kakhulu, athuthukise ukwethembeka nokukhanga kwamaphaneli elanga.
Ekuphetheni
Ikusasa leamaphaneli elangakubukeka kugqamile, njengoba amasu amasha esikhathi sokuphila nokusebenza kahle asekulungele ukuguqula isimo samandla avuselelekayo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, singalindela ukuthi amaphaneli elanga aqine nakakhulu, asebenze kahle, futhi ahlanganiswe namasistimu ahlakaniphile. Le nqubekelaphambili ayithembisi nje kuphela ukwenza amandla elanga afinyeleleke kalula futhi athengeke, kodwa futhi nokubamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekulweni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokukhuthaza ikusasa elisimeme. Uma ubheka phambili, amandla amaphaneli elanga ukuze anikeze umhlaba amandla aqhubekayo abukeka ekhanya kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-01-2025